10 Questions for Stephen Hawking
If God doesn't exist, why did the concept of his existence become almost universal? —Basanta Borah, BASEL, SWITZERLANDI don't claim that God doesn't exist. God is the name people give to the reason we are here. But I think that reason is the laws of physics rather than someone with whom one can have a personal relationship. An impersonal God.
Does the universe end? If so, what is beyond it? —Paul Pearson, HULL, ENGLANDObservations indicate that the universe is expanding at an ever increasing rate. It will expand forever, getting emptier and darker. Although the universe doesn't have an end, it had a beginning in the Big Bang. One might ask what is before that, but the answer is that there is nowhere before the Big Bang, just as there is nowhere south of the South Pole.
Do you think our civilization will survive long enough to make the leap to deeper space? —Harvey Bethea, STONE MOUNTAIN, GA.I think we have a good chance of surviving long enough to colonize the solar system. However, there is nowhere else in the solar system as suitable as the Earth, so it is not clear if we would survive if the Earth was made unfit for habitation. To ensure our long-term survival, we need to reach the stars. That will take much longer. Let's hope we can last until then.
If you could talk to Albert Einstein, what would you say? —Ju Huang, STAMFORD, CONN.I would ask him why he didn't believe in black holes. The field equations of his theory of relativity imply that a large star or cloud of gas would collapse in on itself and form a black hole. Einstein was aware of this but somehow managed to convince himself that something like an explosion would always occur to throw off mass and prevent the formation of a black hole. What if there was no explosion?
Which scientific discovery or advance would you like to see in your lifetime? I would like nuclear fusion to become a practical power source. It would provide an inexhaustible supply of energy, without pollution or global warming
What do you believe happens to our consciousness after death? think the brain is essentially a computer and consciousness is like a computer program. It will cease to run when the computer is turned off. Theoretically, it could be re-created on a neural network, but that would be very difficult, as it would require all one's memories.
Given your reputation as a brilliant physicist, what ordinary interests do you have that might surprise people?I enjoy all forms of music--pop, classical and opera. I also share an interest in Formula One racing with my son Tim.
Do you feel that your physical limitations have helped or hindered your study? FINLANDAlthough I was unfortunate enough to get motor neuron disease, I have been very fortunate in almost everything else. I was lucky to be working in theoretical physics, one of the few areas in which disability was not a serious handicap, and to hit the jackpot with my popular books.
Does it feel like a huge responsibility to have people expecting you to have all the answers to life's mysteries? certainly don't have the answers to all life's problems. While physics and mathematics may tell us how the universe began, they are not much use in predicting human behavior because there are far too many equations to solve. I'm no better than anyone else at understanding what makes people tick, particularly women.
Do you think there will ever come a time when mankind understands all there is to understand about physics? hope not. I would be out of a job
ده پرسش از استفن هاوکینگ ۱.اگر خدا وجود ندارد چرا ذهنیت وجود خداوند جهانی است؟ من نمیگویم خدا نیست خدا نامی است که مردم برای دلیل بودن ما در اینجا به کار می برند اما من فکر میکنم دلیل بودن ما در اینجا قوانین فیزیک است نه کسی(خدایی) که یک نفر بتواند با او ارتباط شخصی داشته باشد یعنی یک خدای غیر مشخص. ۲. آیا جهان انتهایی دارد اگر دارد چه چیزی فراتر از آن است؟ مشاهدات نشان میدهد جهان به صورت روزافزون در حال انبساط است اگر برای همیشه منبسط شود خالی تر و تاریکتر میشود اگر چه جهان انتهایی ندارد اما آغاز آن انفجار بزرگ است یک نفر ممکن است بپرسد قبل از انفجار بزرگ چه چیزی بوده پاسخ این است قبل از انفجار بزرگ هیچ مکانی نبوده درست همانطور که هیچ جایی در جنوب قطب جنوب نیست ۳. فکر میکنید برای هوشیاری ما پس از مرگ چه اتفاقی می افتد؟ فکر میکنم مغز مثل یک کامپیوتر و هوشیاری مانند یک برنامه کامپیوتری است برنامه کامپیوتری از کار می افتد وقتی که کامپیوتر خاموش میشود به طور نظری این برنامه میتواند در یک شبکه عصبی دوباره ساخته شود اما بسیار دشوار است زیرا به تمام حافظه یک نفر احتیاج دارد ۴. آیا فکر میکنید تمدن ما به اندازه کافی زنده می ماند تا به اعماق فضا سفر کند؟ فکر میکنم آن قدر زنده می مانیم تا به خارج از منظومه شمسی مهاجرت کنیم با وجود این هیچ جایی به اندازه زمین در منظومه شمسی مناسب زندگی نیست بنابراین مشخص نیست که آیا ما زنده می مانیم اگر که زمین برای زندگی نامناسب باشد برای اطمینان از بقای بشر باید به ستارگان برسیم این کار زمان بیشتر نیاز دارد باید امیدوارم باشیم که تا آن زمان می توانیم دوام بیاوریم ۵. آیا حس میکنید مسئولیت بزرگی بر دوش شماست تا پاسخ همه اسرار زندگی را که مردم می پرسندبدهید؟ من قطعا جواب همه پرسشهای زندگی را ندارم در حالیکه فیزیک و ریاضی ممکن است به ما بگوید جهان چگونه آغاز شد اما توان پیشگویی رفتار انسان را ندارد زیرا معادلات بسیاری برای حل کردن وجود دارد من در فهم دلیل غیر عادی بودن انسانها خصوصا زنها بهتر از هیچ کس دیگری نیستم ۶. آیا فکر میکنید زمانی برسد که بشر هر چیزی که در فیزیک برای فهمیدن وجود دارد را بداند؟ امیدوارم اینطور نشود در غیر این صورت من بیکار میشوم
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